@article{10.11648/j.acm.20251403.12,
  author = {Grace Maithya and Virginia Kitetu and Isaac Okwany},
  title = {A Deterministic Malaria Mathematical Model Focusing on Immunity, Reinfection, Antimalarial Drug Resistance, Aggressive Treatment and Awareness
},
  journal = {Applied and Computational Mathematics},
  volume = {14},
  number = {3},
  pages = {107-119},
  doi = {10.11648/j.acm.20251403.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.acm.20251403.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.acm.20251403.12},
  abstract = {Malaria is one of the vector borne diseases which has affected peoples lives economically and has caused deaths across the globe. Therefore, we developed a malaria mathematical model which incorporated drug resistance, reinfection, immunity, aggressive treatment, and awareness on vector control. This comprehensive model has not been researched on well by the researchers, and it has therefore been discussed in this paper. This research will help us to make predictions about the effects of awareness on vector control, drug resistance, immunity, reinfections and aggressive treatment. By fitting the malaria model to the malaria data from the existing literature, important parameters associated with malaria dynamics are estimated and calculated. First, we analyzed the disease free equilibrium of the model and then we calculated the basic reproductive number. Sensitivity analysis was worked out to investigate the most influential parameters. Numerical simulations were done to explore the behavior of the malaria model which included; drug resistance, immunity, reinfection, aggressive treatment, and awareness on vector control. We found out that drug resistance, loss of immunity, reinfection and lack of sensitization increased malaria infections, and lowered the recoveries. Due to these, we did the control strategies which helped reduce the malaria infections and increase recoveries which include high immunity, awareness on vector control, aggressive treatment, and vector control. In conclusion, we found out that when all these control strategies are done at once, the malaria infections decreases, mosquitoes reduces and the recoveries increases. This study will be useful to the ministry of health and the government where they will make people aware on vector control strategies to reduce malaria infections. It will also help the health stake holders to come up with stronger and better antimalarial drugs and immune boosters to help weak immune population who become resistant to drugs.
},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Deterministic Malaria Mathematical Model Focusing on Immunity, Reinfection, Antimalarial Drug Resistance, Aggressive Treatment and Awareness

AU  - Grace Maithya
AU  - Virginia Kitetu
AU  - Isaac Okwany
Y1  - 2025/06/13
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.acm.20251403.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.acm.20251403.12
T2  - Applied and Computational Mathematics
JF  - Applied and Computational Mathematics
JO  - Applied and Computational Mathematics
SP  - 107
EP  - 119
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5613
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.acm.20251403.12
AB  - Malaria is one of the vector borne diseases which has affected peoples lives economically and has caused deaths across the globe. Therefore, we developed a malaria mathematical model which incorporated drug resistance, reinfection, immunity, aggressive treatment, and awareness on vector control. This comprehensive model has not been researched on well by the researchers, and it has therefore been discussed in this paper. This research will help us to make predictions about the effects of awareness on vector control, drug resistance, immunity, reinfections and aggressive treatment. By fitting the malaria model to the malaria data from the existing literature, important parameters associated with malaria dynamics are estimated and calculated. First, we analyzed the disease free equilibrium of the model and then we calculated the basic reproductive number. Sensitivity analysis was worked out to investigate the most influential parameters. Numerical simulations were done to explore the behavior of the malaria model which included; drug resistance, immunity, reinfection, aggressive treatment, and awareness on vector control. We found out that drug resistance, loss of immunity, reinfection and lack of sensitization increased malaria infections, and lowered the recoveries. Due to these, we did the control strategies which helped reduce the malaria infections and increase recoveries which include high immunity, awareness on vector control, aggressive treatment, and vector control. In conclusion, we found out that when all these control strategies are done at once, the malaria infections decreases, mosquitoes reduces and the recoveries increases. This study will be useful to the ministry of health and the government where they will make people aware on vector control strategies to reduce malaria infections. It will also help the health stake holders to come up with stronger and better antimalarial drugs and immune boosters to help weak immune population who become resistant to drugs.

VL  - 14
IS  - 3
ER  - 

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